Gamification 101[21]: Reaching Out to My Students

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This is the continuing saga of my current iteration of a gamified course (#21).

In a previous post I said I would send out personal emails to all my students, telling them how they are doing and what they need to do to pass this course. Here’s how it went.

I currently have 47 students in my class.

Of those, 1/2 are doing fine. One already has an A.

13 of my students are failing. The mail I sent out told them what their score was and whether or not I though they were doing OK. Those who are failing were told they were seriously behind. I have heard from quite a few of them, promising to submit more quests, but we’ll see who actually does. Most seem quite appreciative that I reached out to them.

This kind of structure is very challenging for some. With no hard deadlines, many students tend to leave the work in this course in favor of other courses that do have deadlines. I do understand that, but I also think it is important for them to learn to get work done when there is no clear deadline.

I’ll let you know in a week or two how many students have ‘pulled up their socks’.


gamificationIf you are interested in following my course journal, watch for the “Gamification 101” heading.

Also, for more information on gamification, check out my website here.

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Worth Sharing: Peter Higgs: I wouldn’t be productive enough for today’s academic system | Science | The Guardian

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I know it’s a few years old, but this is really worth a read. It is sobering to consider what we have given up with our current capitalistic, competitive academic system. Universities are not businesses and shouldn’t be run that way. Academia is not a sport. We put far too much emphasis on winning and trying to get to the top of whatever list we have decided is important.

Peter Higgs, the British physicist who gave his name to the Higgs boson, believes no university would employ him in today’s academic system because he would not be considered “productive” enough.

The emeritus professor at Edinburgh University, who says he has never sent an email, browsed the internet or even made a mobile phone call, published fewer than 10 papers after his groundbreaking work, which identified the mechanism by which subatomic material acquires mass, was published in 1964.

He doubts a similar breakthrough could be achieved in today’s academic culture, because of the expectations on academics to collaborate and keep churning out papers. He said: “It’s difficult to imagine how I would ever have enough peace and quiet in the present sort of climate to do what I did in 1964.”

Source: Peter Higgs: I wouldn’t be productive enough for today’s academic system | Science | The Guardian

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Gamification 101[20]: Bona Fide Criterion-Referenced Assessment

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The continuing saga of my current iteration of a gamified course.

Hang on to your hats, this one is radical…..

First, some context.

Theory is nothing without practice. I learn new things with each iteration of the course as I teach it. One of the things I’ve been giving a lot of thought to is the notion of criterion-referenced (CRA) or performance-based assessment (PBA). For me criterion-referenced assessment sounds a little broader in scope. Something that is performance based implies that students must actually do something whereas criterion-referenced includes more of those things we would normally categorize as higher-order thinking (i.e. stuff from the 5th and 6th ‘petals’ of Bloom’s Rose below).

Blooms rose
Here’s the smack on the side of your head.

If we really intend to assess people according to described criteria and if we really want to let go of the simpler time-referenced assessment, then we should be willing to accept ALL relevant evidence created by our students, right?

I know some of you are simply thinking, “Well, sure.” but hold on. Think about this. Are you really prepared to accept bona fide evidence, without regard to when, where, or why it was produced? 

I’ve given this a lot of thought over the last few years and my answer is YES. If we say that showing evidence of competence is the most important thing, then so long as we are confident that the work done is that of the student submitting it, then why should it matter when that work was done? Or where? Or even why?

Now let’s look at the ramifications of this as they constitute a sea change in traditional educational assessment.

What if it is work the student did in the past? What if it is work that was produced for another course? Should we accept it?
….. I say yes.

What if the student is repeating a course? Should we accept work they submitted to the course from the last time they took it?
….. I still say yes.

If we decide that the thing that really counts is that the student be able to show evidence that they have mastered the material we have assigned to them, it shouldn’t matter if they mastered it elsewhere. Why are we so often stuck on this notion that students must produce “fresh evidence”? Does mastery expire?

DBSK11Mostly not, but I’m willing to bet that the thought of accepting work produced in the past would make many educators squirm. The idea of accepting work in one course that has also been submitted for assessment in another course is a time-honored taboo in formal education. But why? Think carefully now. Our students are not submitting papers for publication to some learned periodical. Unless they are PhD candidates and as long as the work submitted is genuinely their own, then there really is no requirement that the work they submit be new.

There are exceptions to the idea that we should accept prior work, of course. Anything that includes formal regulations, laws, or other guidelines that are subject to renewal can indeed have expiry dates. Work that incorporates these must be current and so may legitimately be required to be “fresh”. Similarly things like peer review, and work that connects with current events or other activities that must occur in the present (such as discussions) must also be produced at the time they are required. There is a lot of work that does not fall into one of these categories, however.

What are the benefits of accepting prior work?

For the instructor, none, really. It may actually result in marginally more work because we may now have to assess work that is not the ‘cookie-cutter’ solution we are used to marking. To these instructors I have something to say. If you don’t want to do the work of your profession – then go do something else.

EDU5For the student the benefits are potentially great. Additionally, the potential effect on student engagement and motivation is considerable. If they know ahead of time that a particular piece of work could be used in more than one course, then, assuming they actually care about their grades, they could be motivated to work harder on that assignment. They could even end up learning more than they would by doing a more superficial job on two similar assignments. If we are honest about the realities of student life, then we should also recognize that students occasionally have to make choices about which course work they are going to concentrate on and which ones they are going to try and coast on, or even ignore. If they already have evidence that they have mastered something we need them to master, then what’s the benefit of making them do it again? Aren’t we just making them jump additional hoops? Why not let them submit something they’ve already done and let them spend more time on the things that challenge and/or interest them? Isn’t that what we keep saying we care about?

Here’s the other big plus for students. If we decouple their required work from our calendar, then that gives them choices. If they already have evidence of competence in something we are requiring, then they should be able to submit it right away. They could then get that work off their to-do list and go on to spend time on something that they need to spend more time on. Why should they have to wait until we have ‘released’ our assignment that goes with that unit? And, further, why should they have to wait for feedback until we get around to marking that batch? What is our justification for making them wait, aside from our own convenience, that is?

OK, so what about cheating, you ask? Well, that is always a risk, especially when students have very little contact with their instructors, as is the case at so many large institutions. But cheating is always a risk, and let’s be honest here. If you are teaching a first year class, chances are it’s going to be nearly impossible for you to come up with an assignment that hasn’t been done before. There are going to be some students who will cheat no matter WHAT you do. Wouldn’t it be better to free up your time and energy by letting up on largely pointless anti-cheating efforts so you could spend that time actually helping students? My experience over the years has been that the more I trust my students, the more trust-worthy they actually become. Most people will live up (or down) to meet your expectations, so why not set them high rather than low?


gamificationIf you are interested in following my course journal, watch for the “Gamification 101” heading.

Also, for more information on gamification, check out my website here.

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Games You Can’t Win – Online First – Springer

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Dana Ruggiero, Katrin Becker

ID-100283345-300x2251Abstract

A common notion in games for learning is that the player must win the game. But is it always necessary for the player to win in order to ‘get’ the message that the game is trying to portray? When we think back on our most memorable learning experiences, we find that these lessons are often things we learned through failure rather than success. There is a class of games where ‘winning’ doesn’t look the way we typically expect it to look. Some games do not allow their players to win, and their underlying message is more akin to that found in a cautionary tale. We refer to these games as games you can’t win, and they form a distinctly different approach to game design. Games such as Sweatshop (Littleloud, 2011), Darfur is Dying (MTVu, 2006), and September 12th (Newsgaming, 2005) are games you cannot conceivably win, and they are designed that way deliberately. This paper presents a critique on serious games that are unwinnable by design. We examine the concepts of games and learning, the design of unwinnable games, design strategies for unhappy and/or unwinnable learning games, and ways to measure the success of games you can’t win. We also briefly consider potential issues and future directions, and we conclude that the messages delivered via games you can’t win are more powerful than those of games in which you can win.KeywordsUnwinnable Unhappy endstate Educational games Game design

Source: Games You Can’t Win – Online First – Springer

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Raking Leaves

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The last few weeks I’ve been watching the groundskeepers at my university clearing leaves with big gas leaf-blowers. It is loud and stinky and they don’t seem to be very efficient. It seems to take several minutes to clear about 20 square feet, and even then there are still quite a lot of leaves left behind. It also isn’t very ‘green’. I wondered what things like this cost.

I thought of the giant fan rakes I see at the hardware store and figure raking with one of these is probably not much harder physically than hauling that big blower around. It would likely cost less. It would certainly be a lot quieter AND it doesn’t emit greenhouse gases. It might even do a better job.

 

Then I saw this on FaceBook:

 snap02104

 

WP_20151103_001.mp4Mr. Inventor !!!

This is just the front yard Brian Shreves

Posted by April Medlen on Tuesday, November 3, 2015

 

I’m pretty sure that with a couple of attachments, maybe even a lighter weight plastic scoop this could be turned into something that works WAY better than those noisy, smelly, gas-guzzling leaf-blowers.

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Call for Participation: CAUCE-CNIE Waterloo 2016 | Target: Education 3.0 – Possibilities at the Nexus of Pedagogy, Technology, and Access

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Join colleagues from Canada and around the world for the annual CAUCE-CNIE conference as we explore the shifting directions for the future of education. Waterloo, in the heart of Canada’s Technology Triangle, will be the place to be in 2016 to discuss how societal change, new organizational approaches, technology and innovation are impacting the field of education.

Details Here

Source: CAUCE-CNIE Waterloo 2016 | Target: Education 3.0 – Possibilities at the Nexus of Pedagogy, Technology, and Access

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Competency-Based Assessment: Everything Old is New Again

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gamification-10Like I’ve said before, much of gamification really isn’t new at all. This is an example. Competency-based assessment is one of the corner-stones of my gamified designs, along with giving students access to almost all of the assignments at the start of term and letting go of deadlines.

One of higher education’s elder statesmen could see a shake-up coming.

An odd bit of administrative protocol, the credit hour, had outlived its usefulness, he thought. It forced students to bide their time for weeks, months, semesters — even if they had already mastered the material.

They should be free to move through college by demonstrating their achievement, he wrote, instead of deferring to time spent in class. A new day was dawning, wrote Walter A. Jessup, who was the leader of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching — the group responsible for creating the credit hour in the first place.

“American higher education,” he predicted, “appears to be well on its way to another stage of development.”

That was 1937.

Source: How a 40-Year-Old Idea Became Higher Education’s Next Big Thing| resources| AACRAO

There are ways to implement this that maintain quality without disadvantaging students, but if the institution’s top priority is money rather than education, it is likely to miss important considerations.

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Gamification 101[19]: Mid-Term Reality Check

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This is Part 19 in my continuing saga of my current iteration of a gamified course.

We have just passed the midway point in the course and things are mostly going well.

We’re in week 7 out of 13.

auditorium-572776_1920Attendance:

The good:

Attendance remains quite strong – I have somewhat fewer in the last 2 weeks, but I suspect some of this is due to midterms in other classes. Up until then I was getting about 75% attendance, which is pretty good for this kind of course. There are a few students who rarely come to class but are still scoring well above average, which tells me they don’t really need me or the class, and that’s fine. If my assessment really is based on competence, then it shouldn’t really matter if they come to class, or for that matter when they did the work (more on that in a subsequent post).

The bad:

Some of the students who aren’t showing up regularly really should. It is clear from their marks that they are either having difficulty or just not trying. That’s part of the negative side of giving your students a great deal of choice – sometimes they choose badly. I can’t force them to come and I can’t force them to do the work, but I CAN reach out to them, which I will do. This week I will send out personal emails to all my students, telling them how they are doing and what they need to do to pass this course. I’ll let you know how it goes.

volunteer-652383_1280-2Participation:

The Good:

My students have a wide variety of ways to participate, and I am getting valuable feedback through their ‘critical incident questionnaires’. The online discussion forum is also quite active and I am seeing good discussion, as well as students who are bringing parts of the discussion into class.

The Bad:

I’d love to be able to spend all of our time on these discussions because many of them are important, but I don’t have time. Plus, with the amount of time I am spending marking (see Administration), I don’t really have a lot of left-over energy to engage out of class.

school-303928_1280Scores:

The Good:

One of my students already has enough points to earn an ‘A’. That means that if this student were to walk away right now, they’d get an ‘A’ in the course. I think that’s fantastic! Clearly this person doesn’t really need me for anything in this class. That’s OK – the student will still learn something even if it isn’t core course material.

The class average is about 325 XP. Relatively speaking, that’s about a ‘B’.

The Bad:

About a third of the class have submitted fewer than 10 items for grading. Their scores are very closely tied to the work that they do and if they don’t actually do the work, there is little I can do. See also, Attendance: The Bad, above.

school-683567_1920Administration:

The Good:

Most students have gotten the hang of submitting and logging their submissions. It is very easy for me to see who has submitted what. Most of my students are helping me out by highlighting the new submissions as their scrorecards are starting to fill up.

The Bad:

The last round of marking took me 4 1/2 hours. Granted, it had been about 5 days since I marked last, but I am still finding that a significant portion of my time is spent clicking things and opening pages.

Having 47 students in the class means that the administrative overhead for allowing this much choice is significant.

I’m going to have to create a wish-list for things that would make the admin part of this course less onerous. If that were true, then I think more people could be convinced to give this approach a try.

 


gamificationIf you are interested in following my course journal, watch for the “Gamification 101” heading.

Also, for more information on gamification, check out my website here.

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